以下文摘自：台湾电磁辐射公害防治协会
2009-07-13
新竹市南香山地區民眾憂心基地台電磁輻射危害，13日累積上千人連署向市政府聯合陳情，表示當地設置15支大哥大基地台發射器，造成附近五里罹患癌症人數不斷增加，尤其近五年增加幅度極為明顯，且年齡層往下降，尤其多位罹患肝癌、肺癌、腸癌居民都是平時無跡象，突然發現為時已晚，很快就死亡，經衛生局證實南香山地區去年罹癌人數達53人，確實有密集偏高現象。據悉居民所指稱之基地台位於鹽水里與內湖裡交界，12年前第一家電信業者先設置，後來擴展到5家，發射器也增至15支，隨後幾年發生癌症急速增加現象，分析基地台涵蓋區域及設置時間都極為符合，民眾因此感到恐慌害怕，里長即表示天天都接到陳情電話，而且常常收到居民死亡訃聞，甚至一天收到3封白帖，收到會怕。
2009＼07＼13
以下文摘自 自由時報
竹市5里罹癌暴增 槓基地台
新竹市南香山地區民眾近來發現，當地五個里的罹患癌症人數不斷增加，居民多懷疑與附近的十五根大哥大基地台有關，已有超過一千名民眾連署陳情。
衛局指有待確認
新竹市交通局統計，全台有五萬六千座基地台，平均四百一十人或每○．六平方公里一座，新竹市卻是平均兩百五十二人、每○．○七平方公里就有一座，密度高出許多。新竹市衛生局長姚克武說，南香山地區去年因癌症死亡有五十三人，確實有基地台設置集中密度高、癌症死亡者就比較多的現象。但醫學上是否存在必然關係，仍無法確認。
基地台管轄權責在國家通訊傳播委員會（ＮＣＣ），發言人李大嵩也說，世界衛生組織以及知名癌症中心的權威研究結果無法證實電磁波會致癌。至於新竹市區基地台密度是否偏高，以及該不該遷移，會再了解。新竹市政府交通處長郭振寰指出，ＮＣＣ委員會曾實地測試電磁波，並未超過環境建議值八三三毫高斯標準。
里長白帖收到怕
基地台位於鹽水里與內湖里交界。鹽水里長陳朝欽說，近來不僅罹癌人數增加太多，年齡層也往下降，里民嚇得寧可繞路行走，也不經過基地台，他也幾乎每天接到里民抱怨電話。
內湖里長王炳南說，他住在當地六十七年，從未見過像近五年罹患癌症死亡的現象，曾經一天內連續接到三張癌症死亡的里民訃聞，「收白帖子收到會怕」。
根據南香山五里里長調查，里民的疑慮不是沒有原因，因為基地台從十二年前的一家大哥大業者，擴展到目前的五家，發射台數也增加到現在的十五支，無論地區涵蓋或設置時間，都與居民罹癌事實有相當的巧合。
里長們說，里民罹患的癌症包括肝癌、肺癌、腸癌，很多是因為平日根本沒有跡象，等到發現身體不對勁時，為時已晚。
王炳南說，民眾已有共識，就算屆時會有手機通訊死角問題，他們也會將健康問題擺在第一位。環保署空保處長謝燕儒提醒，基地台太少，業者會調高輸出功率，反而會產生更強電磁波，基地台數量少，不見得是好事。
Wednesday, July 29, 2009
Sunday, July 19, 2009
勿重蹈科技悲劇
文摘自台湾电磁辐射公害防治协会
www.tepca.blogspot.com
文/王毓正
成功大學法律學系助理教授
手機基地台之資訊公開是洪水猛獸還是風險溝通機制？
手機基地台資料庫是否應公開？
日前(台湾)NCC表示將建立「電台地理資訊系統」，將公眾使用的電信基地台、廣播及電視訊號發射站全部上網供民眾查詢，最快五月底完成網站建置。該訊息一發出後，即引來電信業者的反彈，甚至亦引來立委諸公的關切，當中建議為避免引起民眾恐慌，建議暫緩實施。對於立委的質疑，NCC主委卻表示「電磁波對人體無害，建置頻率資料庫並不是公布基地台位置」。然而，電磁波是否真的對人體無害？手機基地台資料庫之公開真否如洪水猛獸？這些問題的爭論並非獨獨只發生在台灣，在歐美國家或是日本向來即是被長期討論的公共議題，甚至涉及國家保護人民義務的憲法層次問題。但經筆者從歐洲國家處理此問題的經驗與作法上發現，在台灣不僅電信業者未能盡到企業社會責任，甚至NCC向來的處理態度也是稍嫌保守並與國際潮流脫節的。
電磁輻射對於人體健康是否無害？
電磁輻射對於人體健康的影響，大致上可區分為「熱效應」（thermal effects）與「非熱效應」（thermal effects）兩類。前者簡單而言，即如一般家用微波爐的作用，就是將物體加溫的效果。為了避免人體受到過多劑量的電磁輻射而產生「熱效應」的危害，我國環保署即採用「國際非游離輻射防護委員會」(ICNIRP)於1998年即提出建議值，我國目前非游離輻射的環境基本上皆在此一建議值範圍內。但是另一方面，歐美國家的相關研究也普遍承認目前在「非熱效應」的研究是不足夠的，所以在人體危害性上尚無法明確證實，但是必須抱持審慎態度而不能輕忽。
歐美國家在「非熱效應」方面無法明確證實人體危害時，之所以仍抱持審慎的態度，乃是因為儘管在熱效應部分，現行 ICNIRP 所訂定之規範足以避免發生熱效應傷害，但關於非熱效應部分，國際癌症研究所（IARC） 與ICNIRP即曾於2001年發表過「曝露在0.3~0.4μT 以上，會增加2倍小兒白血病的機率」的報告，類似的內容也曾被WHO於同年正式發布過，且呼籲各國應該採取預防對策。但是令人遺憾的是，類似的訊息台灣人民往往並需從國外文獻得知，而不是從我國非游離電磁輻射主管機關的NCC所獲知，相反地，其竟然僅簡略地聲稱「電磁波對人體無害」，而讓人民產生一種公部門不採取預防措施係屬正確的誤解。
僅以德國政府與NCC的立場作一比較，德國聯邦輻射防制署（BFS）首先承認在有關「人體非熱效應」方面的研究是有限的，但另一方面鑑於受其影響之人難以估計，因此在使用安全上不僅不敢打包票，相反地公開建議應減少暴露頻率（減少使用手機次數與時間）、資訊公開與充分溝通以及更積極投入研究。
鑑於科技伴隨著越來越多人類短期無法掌握的環境與健康風險，聯合國於1992年里約宣言中即揭櫫「預警原則」（precautionary principle），「為保護環境，各國應依據其能力廣泛使用預防性作法。當存在不可回復之損害之威脅時，缺乏充分科學證據之事實，不得作為延緩採取符合成本效益以防止環境惡化之措施之理由」。而從預警原則以及社會衡平思想可進一步導出之引進者責任，亦即將技術導入市場而獲利之人，亦必須對於其技術所伴隨之風險積極證明其無害或減輕風險。例如德國2002年起即由該國之環境部（BMU）與電磁輻射防制署（BFS）將1千7百萬歐元之預算投入一項為六年的手機電磁輻射研究計畫（DMF），而當中一半的經費則是來自於電信業者提供，但為確保研究的中立性，電信業者必須被完全隔絕於研究計畫的進行與考核。
從以上的介紹，不難發現我國主管機關態度之消極，以及漠視人民在科技風險下之處境，甚至在立場上與先進國家之公部門背道而馳。至於電信事業，則彷彿利用主管機關的消極態度，得了便宜還賣乖。
電磁輻射資料庫之建立與充分公開－以英、德兩國為例
電磁輻射資料庫之建立與公開，早為我國環境基本法第15條與第23條所要求，另通訊傳播基本法第9條尚規定，「通訊傳播事業」對於消費之必要資訊應予公開並提供公平合理之服務，以保障消費者權益。當然電信業者或許會質疑所謂的「消費之必要資訊」並非就是「電磁輻射資料庫之建立與公開」，然而若進一步從外國的實例來看，答案應該是肯定的。
就筆者的研究，目前在歐洲至少即已有德、法、英、瑞士、奧地利等國都有設置透過網路即可查詢基地台資料庫。在德國的聯邦層級當中，電信傳播與郵政主管機關稱為「聯邦網絡局」（Bundesnetzagentur）。該署的前身機關有一份發表於2004年11月（到目前為止最新）標題稱為“regtp facts”的官方報告當中，除論及到該署關於電磁輻射是否具人體危害性的立場之外，相當鉅細靡遺地對於手機基地台資料庫的建構、公開與民眾使用情形進行介紹。該份資料可透過以下網址（http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/media/archive/1030.pdf）下載查閱。依據德國官方的統計，該資料庫上網公開後的九個月之間即有高達三百萬人次的查詢記錄，顯見人民斷於生活周遭的環境有高度關切與瞭解的需求。此外，德國於2001年業者組成類似的組織”IZMF”，充分配合”EMF-Datenbank”的建構。英國於2000年電信業者即以自願性的機制共同組成一個稱為”Ofcom”的組織，建立一套手機基地台的資料庫（sitefinder），並可供任何人上網查詢基地台的設置地點與相關的電磁波資訊。
除了如德國透過公部門建構基地台資料庫之外，外國的電信業者將相關資料庫之資訊公開視為對於消費者的完整服務，且透過資訊透明機制，以嘗試消除消費者的不安疑慮。相對於此，我國業者相關自願機制不但落後多年而無法產生，且竟在主管機關本於國家保護義務，以及保障人民知的權利，擬建立電磁輻射資料庫並供人民查詢時出面阻擾，心態不無可議之處。
業者經常指稱資訊公開將助長民眾不理性抗爭，然而民眾抗爭在歐洲更是稀疏平常，其手段之激烈，台灣的民眾抗爭僅是小巫見大巫。然而對此而言，歐洲公部門的看法是溝通不夠，資訊不夠透明而導致疑慮；偏偏在我國卻經常被理解為應該緊縮資訊釋放，以避免衝突。難不成意味著我國資訊人權有自己標準，而不須與國際同步！？
預警、風險揭露與溝通、積極研究之投入
上個世紀之前，X光放射線、DDT、石綿等物質的利用，也曾經被視為科技的大進步，甚至今日禁用的DDT亦曾獲得諾貝爾獎的桂冠，但其重大危害性卻是經過20年以上才被證實，因此公部門應抱持審慎與勿重蹈科技悲劇的態度面對電磁輻射所伴隨的健康風險問題。筆者在此希望業者與相關部門不要因為吃定台灣人民普遍過度依賴手機使用，即省去了在資訊公開、溝通及積極研究的工作。當然，更期待業者能善盡其企業社會責任，配合資訊公開，並應即刻停止繼續以幼童或青少年作為廣告訴求對象。
Friday, July 17, 2009
Anxious over telco towers
Residents at Kimberly Street voicing their discomfort over the telecommunication structures (background).
Article in http://thestar.com.my/metro/story.asp?file=/2009/7/7/north/4254212&sec=North
Tuesday July 7, 2009
MORE than 300 people living in Kimberly Street in George Town are urging the authorities to dismantle two illegal telecommunication structures that were erected on top of two buildings there.
Their representative Khoo Chin Hock, 78, said they were worried about the potential health hazard caused by radio waves emitted from the towers.
“There were at least seven cases of cancer in the area and we suspect that it has something to do with the structures.
“We have complained to the Penang Municipal Council but to no avail,” he said during a peaceful demonstration on Friday by residents holding banners voicing their objection to the towers.
Council building department representative Yew Tung Seang who was present said one of the structures was approved in 2003 and the other a year later.
“There is a requirement since 2004 that parties which put up these structures must renew their annual permits. This has not been done.
“As such, the two structures are considered illegal under Section 70 of the Street, Drainage And Building Act 1974,” he said.
Yew said the council had served a notice to the telecommunication companies this week to remove the structures within a month.
“If they failed to do so, we will serve them a final notice for the structures to be removed within 24 hours. If they still refused to comply, the council will dismantle the towers,” he said.
State Local Government and Traffic Management Committee chairman Chow Kon Yeow said the council encouraged telecommunication companies to share towers.
But, he said the “visual impact” would cause emotional discomfort for nearby residents.
Chow said even though the World Health Organisation had said that radio frequency waves had no direct impact on health, many people were still not convinced.
Thursday, July 16, 2009
CELL PHONE TOWERS AND MOBILE PHONES: TOMORROW MAY BE TOO LATE
Article in http://www.americanchronicle.com
Christiane Tourtet B.A.
July 15, 2009According to Dr. Paul Dupont , in spite of the delaying tactics of the phone companies and the unconcerned Ministry of Health, it is becoming quite clear that mobile phones have damaging health effects, as it was scientifically proven recently, that there is a connection between certain types of tumor and the intensive use of a cell phone. Most of the evidence are cases of a tumor developing on the acoustic nerve, called acoustic neurinoma, as well as malignant brain tumors, and according to this study the risk of this happening is two or more times greater on the side where the phone is held.
A tumor usually takes 15 to 20 years to develop, however the appearance of tumors after 4-5 years in intensive cell phone users, is a definite sign of a health catastrophe in ten years! The worst part, is that children and teenagers using cell phones are the most in danger, as it is precisely at this age, that the brain is most exposed, and two thirds of a child brain are affected by radiations, while in adults, it reaches one third of the brain, which is still way too much!
It is very important to know, that, as the reception becomes more difficult, the radiation increases in intensity, and when you are in a car or a train, or in a zone of weaker coverage and the cell phone has been searching for new signals, the intensity of radiation is quite higher.
As we are surrounded daily, by more and more computer monitors, TV screens, cordless phones and wi-fi systems, all this non- ionizing radiation
is quite capable of upsetting the functions of our cells, especially DNA, as well as the functioning of our glands, such as the pineal , which is the source of the resistance to cancer and of the sleep hormone.
As per, Sandrine Wittman, a researcher in molecular biology at the Léon Bérard Cancer Research Centre in the city of Lyon, France, the installation of a cell phone tower near the school her children attend, in Chassieu, would be in her own words, " a real catastrophe for public health".
In the course of her work, in the past ten years, it has been noticed , a significant increase in the number of salivary glands cancers, as these glands are not protected by the skull, when a mobile phone is used. More and more of these cancers are showing up in progressively younger women.
Children with leukemia, are being treated, at the Centre, and these children, used to go to a school in the city of Lyon, where the cell phone towers have now, been taken away. She also pointed out, that long-term exposure to the microwaves from mobile phones can , indeed, split up the DNA in cells, and consequently , trigger cancer.
It is now, known, that phone antennas, facilitate the accumulation of toxic molecules in the brain, which can lead to brain tumors and the premature onset of Alzheimer´s disease. In Fourvière Hill, which is an area in France, which has one of the most contamination from cell phone towers, symptoms of increasing headaches, memory loss, sleeping problems, have been observed, including even more alarming pathologies, such as cancer, and cases of leukemia. So, in view of all that, the principle of precaution should be observed.
And as so well stated by Dr. Paul Dupont :
" We could weep over this tragedy that awaits us, which everyone sees coming and which nobody is doing anything about. But wait - there are millions of mobile phones in use nowadays, and one day, for lack of the will to face up to this problem, we will inevitably be faced with a terrible choice: your mobile or your life! At that point we will have to give up the magic tool, resign ourselves to taking steps backwards, draw a line through all that it has brought us- will we dare? It is at that moment that we will see if humanity still has a will to live or not".
Resource:
www.next-up.org
MCS Homepage
© 2009 Christiane Tourtet .
Christiane Tourtet B.A.
July 15, 2009According to Dr. Paul Dupont , in spite of the delaying tactics of the phone companies and the unconcerned Ministry of Health, it is becoming quite clear that mobile phones have damaging health effects, as it was scientifically proven recently, that there is a connection between certain types of tumor and the intensive use of a cell phone. Most of the evidence are cases of a tumor developing on the acoustic nerve, called acoustic neurinoma, as well as malignant brain tumors, and according to this study the risk of this happening is two or more times greater on the side where the phone is held.
A tumor usually takes 15 to 20 years to develop, however the appearance of tumors after 4-5 years in intensive cell phone users, is a definite sign of a health catastrophe in ten years! The worst part, is that children and teenagers using cell phones are the most in danger, as it is precisely at this age, that the brain is most exposed, and two thirds of a child brain are affected by radiations, while in adults, it reaches one third of the brain, which is still way too much!
It is very important to know, that, as the reception becomes more difficult, the radiation increases in intensity, and when you are in a car or a train, or in a zone of weaker coverage and the cell phone has been searching for new signals, the intensity of radiation is quite higher.
As we are surrounded daily, by more and more computer monitors, TV screens, cordless phones and wi-fi systems, all this non- ionizing radiation
is quite capable of upsetting the functions of our cells, especially DNA, as well as the functioning of our glands, such as the pineal , which is the source of the resistance to cancer and of the sleep hormone.
As per, Sandrine Wittman, a researcher in molecular biology at the Léon Bérard Cancer Research Centre in the city of Lyon, France, the installation of a cell phone tower near the school her children attend, in Chassieu, would be in her own words, " a real catastrophe for public health".
In the course of her work, in the past ten years, it has been noticed , a significant increase in the number of salivary glands cancers, as these glands are not protected by the skull, when a mobile phone is used. More and more of these cancers are showing up in progressively younger women.
Children with leukemia, are being treated, at the Centre, and these children, used to go to a school in the city of Lyon, where the cell phone towers have now, been taken away. She also pointed out, that long-term exposure to the microwaves from mobile phones can , indeed, split up the DNA in cells, and consequently , trigger cancer.
It is now, known, that phone antennas, facilitate the accumulation of toxic molecules in the brain, which can lead to brain tumors and the premature onset of Alzheimer´s disease. In Fourvière Hill, which is an area in France, which has one of the most contamination from cell phone towers, symptoms of increasing headaches, memory loss, sleeping problems, have been observed, including even more alarming pathologies, such as cancer, and cases of leukemia. So, in view of all that, the principle of precaution should be observed.
And as so well stated by Dr. Paul Dupont :
" We could weep over this tragedy that awaits us, which everyone sees coming and which nobody is doing anything about. But wait - there are millions of mobile phones in use nowadays, and one day, for lack of the will to face up to this problem, we will inevitably be faced with a terrible choice: your mobile or your life! At that point we will have to give up the magic tool, resign ourselves to taking steps backwards, draw a line through all that it has brought us- will we dare? It is at that moment that we will see if humanity still has a will to live or not".
Resource:
www.next-up.org
MCS Homepage
© 2009 Christiane Tourtet .
Saturday, July 4, 2009
7人患癌5人已逝世 汕头街300居民反对设电讯塔
图文光华日报
二零零九年七月四日 凌晨十二时四分
（槟城3日讯）汕头街一带约300名居民反对区内两个电讯塔设立，向州政府和市政局申诉电讯塔竖立后，居民面对健康问题，至少7居民患癌，其中5人已去世！
该区居民于周五，与槟州地方政府委员会主席及槟州卫生委员会主席彭文宝会面，向州政府传达居民意愿，促请槟州政府行使权力，指示地方政府立即拆除在汕头街门牌19号及33号屋顶上的电讯塔。
居民代表邱进福表示，该区两个电讯塔竖立后居民面对诸多健康问题，苦不堪言。至少7名靠近电讯塔的居民都患上脑癌等病症，其中5人已去世。他提及，附近居民经常投诉感到头晕，生活在健康受威胁的环境中。
他表示，该区居民在多年前已针对区内的电讯塔提出反对，却没有下文；居民也曾向槟岛市政局投诉，要求拆除电讯塔，同样不见积极行动，反之电讯公司变本加厉，近期原拟定安装更多电讯塔，所幸被居民及时阻止。
他说，很多独立的科学机构及医学界已提出电讯塔危害健康报告，法国更有多宗的电讯公司被法庭谕令拆除危害人群电讯塔的案例。他说，居民不能接受非法电讯塔继续竖立在靠近人群的地区。因此，他希望槟州地方政府立即行动，行使新政府提倡有效率、负责任及透明度的政策。
曹观友：将指示跟进投诉 拟定指南改善情况
槟州地方政府委员会主席曹观友表示，民众对于电讯网络有要求，希望增强网络信息，不过与此同时，设立太多的电讯塔也将对民众造成困扰，因此州政府要在这其中寻找平衡点。
“如果有人建议将电讯塔摆放在山上，我们表示欢迎，问题是这些电讯塔将无法为民众提供清晰的服务；如今民众向州政府投诉，我将指示市政局跟进投诉。”
他提及，州政府目前也在拟定一个相关指南，以改善情况。相关业者可能误解，认为只要安装电讯塔，较后可继续增加电讯塔数量。他们需要在1年期限完毕后，再向市政局提出申请。
彭文宝：将跟进处理
另外，据彭文宝行政议员指出，针对居民申诉电讯塔竖立后居民面对健康问题，至少7名周围居民患癌一事，他将与卫生局深入探讨。他提及，虽然世界卫生组织和卫生部表示电讯塔发出的讯号对人的安全没有影响，不过他将跟进处理。
市政局只批1年执照期限 年杪前拆电讯塔
槟岛市政局房屋部官员尤端祥透露，该电讯塔于2003年取得市政局批准，不过市政局只批准1年的执照。因此，槟岛市政局将向该单位发出通告，要求尽快拆除逾期而没有继续申请执照的电讯塔。
“市政局根据道路、沟渠及建筑法令向屋主发出通告，第1次通告已发出，要求7天内拆除，第2张通告限期30天，第3张通告则是限定24小时拆除。3次通告后，如果他们不拆，就由市政局拆除。”他预计，该电讯塔将在年杪前拆除。
他也补充，在槟岛申遗成功前，市政局经已规定在市区内设置电讯塔限期为1年，较后需每年更新。询及居民表示拆除日期订于年杪之前，仍需等待一段长时间？他说，市政局需要根据条令办事，在发出3次通告后，才能拆除电讯塔。
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